Filter



Aug. 26, 1941. R. N. BIURCKHALTER v FILTER Filed May 14, 1938v 2' sheets-sheet4 1 i )mmm 55%' 37)' yL-f US- 26, 1941- R. N. BUQKHALTER 2,253,686 y FILTER Filed May 14, l1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 www Patented Aug. 26, 1941 2,253,686 FILTER"A Robert Nash Burckhauer, Michigan city, rnd., assignor to Michiana Products Corporation, a corporation fof Indiana.

Application May 14, 193s, serial No. 207,894

Michigan City, Ind.,

4 Claims; i (Cl.

Lubricating oil for internal combustion engines is contaminated with solids that are in jurious to b earings and impalpable solids such as colloidal carbon that will pass through the bearing clearances but discolor the oil. ySolids of the first class-those injurious to bearingscan be removed by a filter element of such thinf ness and permeability that a` small filter can pass the large quantity of oil requiredY for force feed lubrication, but the removal of impalpable solids is best done by open fibrous material of considerable thickness through which the oil moves slowly under light pressure and such a filter for all the oil goingto the bearings would be too large for practical use, especially on mobile equipment.

The principal objectv of this invention is to provide appropriately small compact apparatus for removingfboth types of solids. .In the present embodiment this object is achieved by connecting a small primary in series between the pump and the bearings and surrounding it with a relatively large secondary filter ofthe other kind that receives and filters 'a small portion of the oil that has Passed through the first filter. By this means the bearings are at all times protected from injurious solids, the large open filter is protected from solids that wouldtend to clog it, and the impalpable solids .are'constantly filtered out at a rate sufficient to prevent objectionable color.

l Other `objects and advantages ofthe invention will be revealed as the disclosure proceeds and the description is read in connection with the accompanying 'drawings' in which' Fig. l'is a vertical 'section through the filter apparatus,v the passages being shown somewhat diagrammaticaL and l L Figs. 2 and tifare v lines 2.-2 and 3-#3 respectively of Fig. 1.` A But these particular drawings, andthe correa horizontal sections on the spondingV description are used for 4,the purpose 'of and the great variety of' formsv disclosure only, of whichthe invention is susceptible are intended to be 'covered by the claims.

lter, of the kindfirst mentioned,

, let passage 35 which,

a barrel I8, of woven wire, the are gripped by the crimped edges ends of which I9 of heads 20.

` Between the heads thebarrel is sustained against inward pressure by a stiff coil spring 2I The heads havealigned central openings 22 to receive the tube I6, upon which 'the primary filter element is mounted, Near the Alower end the tube I6 has a nut 23 above which is a spacer 24, having its upper end. against the outside of the lower head 20. Between the two heads' is a spacer 25, yand openings 26 to permit free flow of oil v through A nut 21 screwed down against the outside of the upperhead 20, serves to secure the primary lterelexnent and associated parts on the tube I6 and make a sub-assembly.

The primary filter is inclosed by a drawn shell 28 seated inv a groove 29 in the base, and secured by a nut 30 on the tube lli.l -Oil from the pump is delivered to Aone of two intersecting inlet ports 3| and 32,' the other of which is plugged. A passage 33.l connects the inlet ports Witha vertical passage 34 leading into the primary filter chamber. The perforated tube I6 delivers'to'an outin turn, delivers tol inter' secting outletl ports 36 and 31, oneo'f which will be .plugged when the other is`i`n use, f

The inlet port 32. and the outletport 3' I are connected by a bypass- 38, equipped 'with a spring pressed ball vvalve 39 toinsurethat the bearings Will be supplied with Aoil'even` if the filter should be clogged.

The base I0 of the -apparatus 1s 'a'casting having a cylindrical wall II, grooved at its upper edge I2 to'cooperate with the rim I3 of a cover I4, secured in' place by a rcap nut I5 and a periorated tube I6, threaded into a central opening I1 in the base, andA forming the stem of the prifilter ,dement is preferably made.

'From the fo'reg`oi`ng it will -be apparent'that oil lfrom .the pump vwill be ,delivered to the' pri- Inary filter chamber on the outside of the bar-V rel lter elementIIip It 'will flow' through that elementl and intov thejperforated tube I6 from which it will escapeto'the outlet ports, and pass on tothebeangsb f v The secondary filter is 'an 'annular rnass 40 of fibrous material between perforated cylinders 4I and 42, connected by ring-like'heads 4`3 Vand 44; The h ead,44 `rests uponv a gasket 45 o nannularV 'seat 46. on' th base I0, andthe head; 43 'is held down byv a diskj'Ifmade' fastby 'a' nut 48 onv the perforated tube I6. f

The mass 40 may beshr'edded cotton "or cotton waste, wool, a mixtureofwooland' cotton,` or cattle, hair Aandcottonl or cattleV hair and asbestos fiber, orcottonand mineral'woolior various other matera'ls, which, when put under slight pressure, make amass somewhat springy' Whilev j dry; but 'ferm an infinite, number' o f obstructions'to vin'ipalpable it to .the perforated tube I6. v

solids. The mass should not be compacted or put under suiiicient pressure of oil to make the colloidal carbon and the like. collect at the surface. That material should actually enter the relatively thick fibrous bed and there be retained while the oil passes through and emerges practically clear.

In this particular embodiment oil is supplied to the secondary filter by a secondary outlet passage 49, connecting theoutlet passage 31 with the inside of the large chamber -formed by the wall Il and the cover I4. The iilter is protected from high pressure by a restriction fitting 5U, having 'a bore 5 I made with a W54 drill. The oil passes inwardly through the secondary lter and into the space surrounding the shell 28 from which it escapes by a vertical passage 52, leading to a secondary outlet port 53, connected with the sump or other reservoir for oil.

The flow of oil through the apparatus is controlled by three valves, 54, 55 and 56.

If the secondary filter is to be serviced the valve 56'is closed, thereby closing the passage 49, and after the oil in the large chamber has drained, the cover I4 and the disk `41 can be' removed and the secondary iilter serviced or replaced, while the primary filter continues to function.

If the primary lter is tobe serviced the valves 54 and 55 are both closed. Pressure will then open the check valve 39 and the bearings will be served with the usual quantity of oil, while the primary filter is serviced. If it merely requires draining to remove accumulated solids,

that can be accomplished by removing a drain\ deemed necessary, taking off the nut 30 and the shell 28 will expose the primary filter assembly, which can be removed as a whole and replaced as desired.

perforated tube secured in said opening and extending upwardly axially of said side wall, an inner casing surrounding said tube, concentric with, and surrounded by said side wall, a primary iilter within said casing, said inlet opening into said inner casing outwardly o i' said filter, a secondary iilter surrounding said inner casing and spaced inwardly from said side wall, a discharge passage for said secondary iilter, an intake passage for said secondary filter in communication with said main outlet and the space between said wall and secondary iilter, means for admitting a portion only of the oil iiowing through said -primary iilter to said secondary iilter, andmeans engaging said tube for clamping -said inner casing and said secondary lter against said base member.

2. In a lubricating system, a housing having bottom and side walls, intake and discharge passages in said bottom wall, an inner casing seated on said bottom wall and surrounding the inner.

charge passages, a cover member seated on said Some engineers will prefer primary iilter ele- I ments of the type disclosed in the patent to Liddell, No. 2,042,537 of June 2, 1936, and the British patent to Gobbi, No. 30,303 of 1909. The use of such iilters is contemplated embodying this invention. I

Almost every engineer will have some preference about the form or character of the secondary iilter and the combination -allows liberal choice in this respect. Oil for the secondary lter is here shown as being taken from the line after it haspassed through the primary filter and that is preferable because it protects the restriction 5I from being clogged by the relatively large solid matter. However, that is not indispensible, and in some instances it may be `found desirable to take the oil from some other land forming with 'said Vbase member an outer chamber, the bottom wall having an axial opening in communication with said main outlet, a

in the combinations housing for enclosing said lters whereby all of the oil of said system will pass through said primary filter for removing abrasive material and a portion only of the oil passing through the primary iilter will be passed through the shunt passages, secondary filter and the 'second discharge outlet for removing impalpable impurities, and means engaging said cover and illters for holding the parts assembled, said means removably engaging said tube, whereby the parts may be readily removed from said housing by first removing said means.

3. In a lubricating system for an internal combustion engine having a crankcaseior containing oil contaminated with impurities including solids injurious to bearings and impalpable solids lsuch as colloidal carbon, a ltering apparatus including a base having therein an inlet for oil entering the apparatus and an outlet for oil flowing f rom the apparatus toparts to be lubricated, a primary filter including a casing carried bythe base, and a primary lter element connected iny conducting oil therefrom to said secondary illter-y and an outlet passage in said base for conducting the oil from said secondary filter to said crank- Case. w

4. In a lubricating systemfor an internal combustion engine comprising bearings and a crankcase for containing oil contaminated with impurities including solids injurious to bearings and impalpable solids such as colloidal carbon, a iiltering apparatus including a base, a 'relatively large secondary illter chamber supported thereon, a relatively small primary lter chamber within said relatively large secondary illter chamber, a primary lter element in the small chamber excluding substantially all solids injurious to bearings while passing substantially all impalpable solids, a secondary filter element in .the large chamber surrounding the primary iilter element for receiving oil from the primary illter and retaining substantially all colloidal 10 carbon. an intake passage in said base for conducting oil to the primary lter element, a discharge conduit in said base for conducting nl* tered oil from the primary'lter element to said bearings, a branch conduit for conducting oil 15 A element through an outlet in said apparatus, and

means in said base cooperating with said connections for preventing circulation of oil through either of said lters without preventing the circulation of oil through the other.

ROBERT NASH BURCKHALTER. 

